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March 3, 2025
A harbour porpoise is a small marine mammal that belongs to the Phocoenidae family within the cetacean group. Known for its shy and elusive nature, this species is characterized by its rounded body, blunt nose, and small, triangular dorsal fin. Harbour porpoises are often found in coastal waters, feeding on fish and squid, and play a vital role in marine ecosystems.
Is a Harbour Porpoise a Dolphin?
Although harbour porpoises and dolphins are both members of the cetacean family, they belong to different scientific groups. Dolphins are part of the Delphinidae family, while porpoises belong to the Phocoenidae family. Harbour porpoises have distinct differences in physical appearance and behaviour, making them a unique species within the cetacean world.
What is the Difference Between Dolphins and Porpoises?
One of the most notable differences between dolphins and porpoises is their body shape and facial structure. Porpoises, including harbour porpoises, have smaller, more rounded dorsal fins, as well as blunt, rounded noses, unlike the longer, more pointed snouts or beaks of dolphins. Porpoises are also typically smaller and less acrobatic than dolphins. Dolphins tend to aggregate in large pods, while porpoises tend to travel in smaller groups.
Does the Harbour Porpoise Have Any Predators?
Yes, harbour porpoises face natural predation from several marine species. Orcas (killer whales) and large sharks, such as great whites, are the primary predators of harbour porpoises. Additionally, human activity poses threats through fishing nets, vessel strikes, and environmental changes, which indirectly increase their vulnerability to predators.
Where is the Harbour Porpoise Found?
Harbour porpoises inhabit coastal waters and are commonly found in the temperate and sub-Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In the Salish Sea, they are frequently spotted in shallow waters, bays, and estuaries, often staying close to shore. The Salish Sea’s nutrient-rich environment provides ample food sources, such as fish and squid, making it an ideal habitat for harbour porpoises.
Are Harbour Porpoises Protected?
Yes, harbour porpoises are protected under various laws and international agreements. In Canada, they are listed under the Species at Risk Act (SARA), which aims to conserve and manage their populations. Efforts to minimize threats include reducing bycatch in fishing operations, monitoring vessel activity, and protecting their habitats from degradation. Conservation organizations and researchers in the Salish Sea work diligently to ensure these small cetaceans continue to thrive.
What is the Lifespan of a Harbour Porpoise?
Harbour porpoises have a relatively short lifespan compared to other cetaceans, typically living up to 20 years. However, many porpoises face challenges that may shorten their lives, including predation, disease, and human-caused threats such as pollution and habitat disturbance. Continued conservation efforts are essential to help these animals live longer, healthier lives in their natural environment.
Harbour porpoises are a fascinating and vital part of the Salish Sea’s ecosystem. Despite their small size and subtle presence, they play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of marine life.
Want to see what else is in BC’s waters?
We have discussed Harbour Porpoises in Episode 9 of the Prince of Whales PODcast, so if you want to learn more fun-facts about these beautiful creatures, you can check it out here!
